Contents

FastAPI 与 Vue.js 小示例

环境搭建

vscode 推荐扩展

Python、Black Formatter
Vue、Prettier
PostgreSQL

从源码编译安装 Python

Ubuntu 有 Python,想安装其他版本 python:https://blog.yongit.com/note/1573133.html
注意此处使用的 Linux 发行版本是 Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS

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sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

# 安装编译 Python 所需的依赖项,包括构建工具等
sudo apt install -y build-essential tk-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libreadline6-dev libdb5.3-dev libgdbm-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libexpat1-dev liblzma-dev libffi-dev zlib1g-dev


wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.12/Python-3.12.12.tgz

tar zxf Python-3.12.12.tgz

cd Python-3.12.12
./configure --enable-optimizations

# 开始编译
make -j $(nproc)

# 进行安装, altinstall 选项可以避免覆盖系统默认的 Python 3 版本
sudo make altinstall

创建虚拟环境

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python3.12
python3.12 -m venv venv

source venv/bin/activate

安装 PostgreSQL 数据库

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sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib
pg_config --version

dpkg -l | grep postgresql
sudo -u postgres psql -c "SELECT version();"
# 启动服务
sudo service postgresql restart
sudo -u postgres psql -c "SELECT version();"

初始化数据库, 配置用户

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sudo -u postgres psql
-- 以下是 SQL 命令
CREATE DATABASE taskdb;  -- 创建数据库 taskdb
CREATE USER cloud_studio WITH PASSWORD '123456';  -- 创建用户并设置密码
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE taskdb TO cloud_studio;  -- 给用户授权
\password postgres  -- 修改用户密码
\q  -- 退出
\l
\c taskdb

开启后端服务

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python3.12 -m uvicorn app.main:app --reload --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000

Vite

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cd ..
# 创建一个名为 fronted 的前端项目
npm create vue@3 --with-vite
cd frontend
npm install

注意
vite 对 nodejs 的版本有要求
如果冲突了,可能需要考虑升级 nodejs 版本
或者使用下面的 Vue CLI 方案

Vue CLI

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npm install -g @vue/cli
vue create frontend
cd frontend
npm run serve

后端代码

文件目录结构

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backend/
 ├── app/
 │    ├── api/
 │    │    ├── v1/
 │    │    │    ├── endpoints/
 │    │    │    │    ├── __init__.py
 │    │    │    │    └── task.py
 │    │    │    └── __init__.py
 │    │    └── __init__.py
 │    ├── crud/
 │    │    └── task.py
 │    ├── models/
 │    │    └── task.py
 │    ├── schemas/
 │    │    └── task.py
 │    ├── __init__.py
 │    ├── config.py
 │    ├── database.py
 │    ├── favicon.ico
 │    └── main.py
 ├── venv/
 ├── Dockerfile
 └── requirements.txt

先尝试做一个关于待办事项任务的小功能

models

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# task.py
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Boolean, DateTime
from sqlalchemy.sql import func
from app.database import Base

class Task(Base):
    __tablename__ = "tasks"

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
    title = Column(String(100), nullable=False)
    description = Column(String(500))
    completed = Column(Boolean, default=False)
    created_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())
    # updated_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), onupdate=func.now())
    updated_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now(), onupdate=func.now())

schemas

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# task.py
from pydantic import BaseModel
from datetime import datetime
from typing import Optional

class TaskBase(BaseModel):
    title: str
    description: Optional[str] = None
    completed: bool = False

class TaskCreate(TaskBase):
    pass

class TaskUpdate(BaseModel):
    title: Optional[str] = None
    description: Optional[str] = None
    completed: Optional[bool] = None

class Task(TaskBase):
    id: int
    created_at: datetime
    updated_at: Optional[datetime] = None

    class Config:
        from_attributes = True

crud

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# task.py
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from sqlalchemy import desc
from app.models.task import Task
from app.schemas.task import TaskCreate, TaskUpdate
from typing import List, Optional

def get_task(db: Session, task_id: int) -> Optional[Task]:
    return db.query(Task).filter(Task.id == task_id).first()

def get_tasks(
    db: Session,
    skip: int = 0,
    limit: int = 100,
    completed: Optional[bool] = None
) -> List[Task]:
    query = db.query(Task)
    if completed is not None:
        query = query.filter(Task.completed == completed)
    return query.order_by(desc(Task.created_at)).offset(skip).limit(limit).all()

def create_task(db: Session, task: TaskCreate) -> Task:
    # db_task = Task(**task.dict())
    db_task = Task(**task.model_dump())
    db.add(db_task)
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(db_task)
    return db_task

def update_task(db: Session, task_id: int, task: TaskUpdate) -> Optional[Task]:
    db_task = get_task(db, task_id)
    if db_task:
        # update_data = task.dict(exclude_unset=True)
        update_data = task.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
        for field, value in update_data.items():
            setattr(db_task, field, value)
        db.commit()
        db.refresh(db_task)
    return db_task

def delete_task(db: Session, task_id: int) -> bool:
    db_task = get_task(db, task_id)
    if db_task:
        db.delete(db_task)
        db.commit()
        return True
    return False

api

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# tasks.py
from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from typing import List, Optional

from app.database import get_db
from app.schemas.task import Task, TaskCreate, TaskUpdate
from app.crud import task as crud

router = APIRouter()

@router.get("/", response_model=List[Task])
def read_tasks(
    skip: int = 0,
    limit: int = 100,
    completed: Optional[bool] = None,
    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
):
    """获取任务列表"""
    tasks = crud.get_tasks(db, skip=skip, limit=limit, completed=completed)
    return tasks

@router.post("/", response_model=Task, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
def create_task(task: TaskCreate, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """创建新任务"""
    return crud.create_task(db=db, task=task)

@router.get("/{task_id}", response_model=Task)
def read_task(task_id: int, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """获取单个任务"""
    db_task = crud.get_task(db, task_id=task_id)
    if db_task is None:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404,
            detail="Task not found"
        )
    return db_task

@router.put("/{task_id}", response_model=Task)
def update_task(
    task_id: int,
    task: TaskUpdate,
    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
):
    """更新任务"""
    db_task = crud.update_task(db, task_id=task_id, task=task)
    if db_task is None:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404,
            detail="Task not found"
        )
    return db_task

@router.delete("/{task_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
def delete_task(task_id: int, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """删除任务"""
    if not crud.delete_task(db, task_id=task_id):
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404,
            detail="Task not found"
        )
    return None

其他文件

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# main.py
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
from app.api.v1.endpoints import tasks
from app.config import settings
from app.database import engine, Base

# 创建数据库表
Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)

app = FastAPI(
    title=settings.PROJECT_NAME,
    version=settings.VERSION,
    openapi_url=f"{settings.API_V1_STR}/openapi.json"
)

# 配置CORS
app.add_middleware(
    CORSMiddleware,
    allow_origins=["*"],  # 生产环境中应配置具体域名
    allow_credentials=True,
    allow_methods=["*"],
    allow_headers=["*"],
)

# 包含路由
app.include_router(
    tasks.router,
    prefix=f"{settings.API_V1_STR}/tasks",
    tags=["tasks"]
)

@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {
        "message": "Welcome to Task Management API",
        "docs": "/docs",
        "version": settings.VERSION
    }

@app.get("/health")
def health_check():
    return {"status": "healthy"}
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# database.py
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from app.config import settings

engine = create_engine(settings.DATABASE_URL)

SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)
Base = declarative_base()

# 依赖注入
def get_db():
    db = SessionLocal()
    try:
        yield db
    finally:
        db.close()
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# config.py
from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
from typing import Optional


class Settings(BaseSettings):
    PROJECT_NAME: str = "Task Management API"
    VERSION: str = "1.0.0"
    API_V1_STR: str = "/api/v1"

    # Database
    POSTGRES_SERVER: str = "localhost"
    POSTGRES_USER: str = "cloud_studio"
    POSTGRES_PASSWORD: str = "123456"
    POSTGRES_DB: str = "taskdb"
    POSTGRES_PORT: str = "5432"  # 端口号

    DATABASE_URL: Optional[str] = None

    class Config:
        env_file = ".env"

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        if not self.DATABASE_URL:
            self.DATABASE_URL = (
                f"postgresql://{self.POSTGRES_USER}:"
                f"{self.POSTGRES_PASSWORD}@"
                f"{self.POSTGRES_SERVER}:"
                f"{self.POSTGRES_PORT}/"
                f"{self.POSTGRES_DB}"
            )


settings = Settings()

dockerfile

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FROM python:3.11-slim

WORKDIR /app

# 安装系统依赖
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    gcc \
    libpq-dev \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# 复制依赖文件
COPY requirements.txt .

# 安装Python依赖
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# 复制应用代码
COPY . .

# 暴露端口
EXPOSE 8000

# 启动命令
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000"]

requirements.txt

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fastapi>=0.109.0  # 建议升级以完美支持 Pydantic V2
uvicorn>=0.24.0
sqlalchemy>=2.0.23
psycopg2-binary>=2.9.9
pydantic>=2.5.0
pydantic-settings>=2.1.0
# 如果未来涉及邮箱验证,需添加 email-validator

alembic==1.12.1
python-jose[cryptography]==3.3.0
passlib[bcrypt]==1.7.4
python-multipart==0.0.6

前端代码

文件目录结构

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frontend/
 ├── node_modules/
 ├── public/
 ├── src/
 │    ├── assets/
 │    ├── components/
 │    ├── router/
 │    │    └── index.js
 │    ├── services/
 │    │    └── taskService.js
 │    ├── store/
 │    │    ├── modules/
 │    │    │    └── task.js
 │    │    └── index.js
 │    ├── types/
 │    │    └── task.js
 │    ├── utils/
 │    │    └── api.js
 │    ├── views/
 │    │    └── TaskView.vue
 │    ├── App.vue
 │    └── main.js
 ├── .gitignore
 ......

router

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// router/index.js
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";

const routes = [
  {
    path: "/",
    name: "Home",
    component: () => import("../views/TaskView.vue"),
  },
];

const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(process.env.BASE_URL),
  routes,
});

export default router;

services

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// services/taskService.js
import api from "@/utils/api";

export const taskService = {
  // 获取任务列表
  async getTasks(params = {}) {
    const { skip = 0, limit = 100, completed } = params;
    const config = {
      params: { skip, limit },
    };

    if (completed !== undefined) {
      config.params.completed = completed;
    }

    return await api.get("/tasks", config);
  },

  // 获取单个任务
  async getTask(id) {
    return await api.get(`/tasks/${id}`);
  },

  // 创建任务
  async createTask(taskData) {
    return await api.post("/tasks", taskData);
  },

  // 更新任务
  async updateTask(id, taskData) {
    return await api.put(`/tasks/${id}`, taskData);
  },

  // 删除任务
  async deleteTask(id) {
    return await api.delete(`/tasks/${id}`);
  },
};

store

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// store/index.js
import { createStore } from "vuex";
import taskModule from "./modules/task";

const task = taskModule;

const state = new createStore({
  state: {
    loading: false,
    error: null,
  },
  mutations: {
    SET_LOADING(state, isLoading) {
      state.loading = isLoading;
    },
    SET_ERROR(state, error) {
      state.error = error;
    },
    CLEAR_ERROR(state) {
      state.error = null;
    },
  },
  actions: {
    setLoading({ commit }, isLoading) {
      commit("SET_LOADING", isLoading);
    },
    setError({ commit }, error) {
      commit("SET_ERROR", error);
    },
    clearError({ commit }) {
      commit("CLEAR_ERROR");
    },
  },
  getters: {
    isLoading: (state) => state.loading,
    hasError: (state) => state.error !== null,
    errorMessage: (state) => state.error,
  },
  modules: {
    task: task,
  },
});

export default state;
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// modules/task.js
import { taskService } from "@/services/taskService";

const state = () => ({
  tasks: [],
  currentTask: null,
  loading: false,
  error: null,
});

const getters = {
  allTasks: (state) => state.tasks,
  activeTasks: (state) => state.tasks.filter((task) => !task.completed),
  completedTasks: (state) => state.tasks.filter((task) => task.completed),
  getTaskById: (state) => (id) => state.tasks.find((task) => task.id === id),
  isLoading: (state) => state.loading,
  errorMessage: (state) => state.error,
};

const mutations = {
  SET_TASKS(state, tasks) {
    state.tasks = tasks;
  },

  ADD_TASK(state, task) {
    state.tasks.unshift(task);
  },

  UPDATE_TASK(state, updatedTask) {
    const index = state.tasks.findIndex((task) => task.id === updatedTask.id);
    if (index !== -1) {
      state.tasks.splice(index, 1, updatedTask);
    }
  },

  REMOVE_TASK(state, taskId) {
    state.tasks = state.tasks.filter((task) => task.id !== taskId);
  },

  SET_CURRENT_TASK(state, task) {
    state.currentTask = task;
  },

  SET_LOADING(state, loading) {
    state.loading = loading;
  },

  SET_ERROR(state, error) {
    state.error = error;
  },

  CLEAR_ERROR(state) {
    state.error = null;
  },
};

const actions = {
  // 获取所有任务
  async fetchTasks({ commit }, params = {}) {
    commit("SET_LOADING", true);
    commit("CLEAR_ERROR");

    try {
      const tasks = await taskService.getTasks(params);
      commit("SET_TASKS", tasks);
      return tasks;
    } catch (error) {
      commit("SET_ERROR", error.response?.data?.detail || "获取任务失败");
      throw error;
    } finally {
      commit("SET_LOADING", false);
    }
  },

  // 创建任务
  async createTask({ commit }, taskData) {
    commit("SET_LOADING", true);
    commit("CLEAR_ERROR");

    try {
      const task = await taskService.createTask(taskData);
      commit("ADD_TASK", task);
      return task;
    } catch (error) {
      commit("SET_ERROR", error.response?.data?.detail || "创建任务失败");
      throw error;
    } finally {
      commit("SET_LOADING", false);
    }
  },

  // 更新任务
  async updateTask({ commit }, { id, taskData }) {
    commit("SET_LOADING", true);
    commit("CLEAR_ERROR");

    try {
      const updatedTask = await taskService.updateTask(id, taskData);
      commit("UPDATE_TASK", updatedTask);
      return updatedTask;
    } catch (error) {
      commit("SET_ERROR", error.response?.data?.detail || "更新任务失败");
      throw error;
    } finally {
      commit("SET_LOADING", false);
    }
  },

  // 删除任务
  async deleteTask({ commit }, id) {
    commit("SET_LOADING", true);
    commit("CLEAR_ERROR");

    try {
      await taskService.deleteTask(id);
      commit("REMOVE_TASK", id);
    } catch (error) {
      commit("SET_ERROR", error.response?.data?.detail || "删除任务失败");
      throw error;
    } finally {
      commit("SET_LOADING", false);
    }
  },

  // 获取单个任务详情
  async fetchTask({ commit }, id) {
    commit("SET_LOADING", true);
    commit("CLEAR_ERROR");

    try {
      const task = await taskService.getTask(id);
      commit("SET_CURRENT_TASK", task);
      return task;
    } catch (error) {
      commit("SET_ERROR", error.response?.data?.detail || "获取任务详情失败");
      throw error;
    } finally {
      commit("SET_LOADING", false);
    }
  },
};

export default {
  namespaced: true,
  state,
  getters,
  mutations,
  actions,
};

types(用于代码提示,JavaScript 中不会强制检查)

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// 类型定义
export const TaskType = {
  id: Number,
  title: String,
  description: String,
  completed: Boolean,
  created_at: String,
  updated_at: String,
};

export const TaskCreateType = {
  title: String,
  description: String,
  completed: Boolean,
};

export const TaskUpdateType = {
  title: String,
  description: String,
  completed: Boolean,
};

utils

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// utils/api.js
import axios from "axios";

// 创建axios实例
const api = axios.create({
  baseURL:
    process.env.NODE_ENV === "production"
      ? "/api/v1"
      : // : "https://qenwwh-acyewk-8000.app.cloudstudio.work/api/v1",
        "http://localhost:8000/api/v1", // 开发环境指向本地后端
  timeout: 10000,
  headers: {
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
  },
});

// 请求拦截器
api.interceptors.request.use(
  (config) => {
    // 可以在这里添加token
    // const token = store.state.token
    // if (token) {
    //   config.headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${token}`
    // }
    return config;
  },
  (error) => {
    return Promise.reject(error);
  }
);

// 响应拦截器
api.interceptors.response.use(
  (response) => {
    return response.data;
  },
  (error) => {
    console.error("API Error:", error);

    if (error.response) {
      // 服务器返回错误状态码
      const { status, data } = error.response;

      switch (status) {
        case 400:
          console.error("请求错误:", data.detail || "参数错误");
          break;
        case 401:
          console.error("未授权,请重新登录");
          // 可以在这里跳转到登录页
          break;
        case 403:
          console.error("拒绝访问");
          break;
        case 404:
          console.error("请求的资源不存在");
          break;
        case 500:
          console.error("服务器错误");
          break;
        default:
          console.error("未知错误");
      }
    } else if (error.request) {
      // 请求发送成功但没有收到响应
      console.error("网络错误,请检查网络连接");
    } else {
      // 请求配置错误
      console.error("请求配置错误:", error.message);
    }

    return Promise.reject(error);
  }
);

export default api;

views

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<!-- views/TaskView.vue -->
<template>
  <div class="task-container">
    <!-- 头部 -->
    <div class="task-header">
      <h1>📝 任务管理系统</h1>
      <p class="subtitle">使用 Vue 3 + FastAPI 构建</p>
    </div>

    <!-- 创建任务卡片 -->
    <el-card class="create-card" shadow="hover">
      <template #header>
        <div class="card-header">
          <span class="header-title"> 创建新任务</span>
        </div>
      </template>

      <el-form
        ref="taskFormRef"
        :model="newTask"
        :rules="formRules"
        @submit.prevent="handleCreateTask"
      >
        <el-form-item label="任务标题" prop="title">
          <el-input
            v-model="newTask.title"
            placeholder="请输入任务标题"
            :maxlength="100"
            show-word-limit
            clearable
          >
            <template #prefix>
              <el-icon><Document /></el-icon>
            </template>
          </el-input>
        </el-form-item>

        <el-form-item label="任务描述" prop="description">
          <el-input
            v-model="newTask.description"
            type="textarea"
            :rows="3"
            placeholder="请输入任务描述(可选)"
            :maxlength="500"
            show-word-limit
            resize="none"
          />
        </el-form-item>

        <el-form-item>
          <el-button
            type="primary"
            @click="handleCreateTask"
            :loading="loading"
            :disabled="!newTask.title.trim()"
          >
            <el-icon class="el-icon--left"><Plus /></el-icon>
            添加任务
          </el-button>
          <el-button @click="resetForm">重置</el-button>
        </el-form-item>
      </el-form>
    </el-card>

    <!-- 任务筛选 -->
    <div class="filter-section">
      <el-radio-group v-model="filterType" @change="handleFilterChange">
        <el-radio-button label="all">全部任务</el-radio-button>
        <el-radio-button label="active">进行中</el-radio-button>
        <el-radio-button label="completed">已完成</el-radio-button>
      </el-radio-group>

      <div class="task-stats">
        <span class="stat-item">
          <el-icon><List /></el-icon>
          总数: {{ filteredTasks.length }}
        </span>
        <span class="stat-item">
          <el-icon><Check /></el-icon>
          已完成: {{ completedCount }}
        </span>
        <span class="stat-item">
          <el-icon><Clock /></el-icon>
          进行中: {{ activeCount }}
        </span>
      </div>
    </div>

    <!-- 任务列表 -->
    <div class="task-list">
      <!-- 加载状态 -->
      <div v-if="loading && tasks.length === 0" class="loading-container">
        <el-icon class="loading-icon"><Loading /></el-icon>
        <p>加载任务中...</p>
      </div>

      <!-- 空状态 -->
      <el-empty
        v-else-if="filteredTasks.length === 0"
        :description="emptyDescription"
        :image-size="200"
      />

      <!-- 任务卡片 -->
      <transition-group name="task-list" tag="div">
        <el-card
          v-for="task in filteredTasks"
          :key="task.id"
          class="task-card"
          :class="{ 'completed-task': task.completed }"
          shadow="hover"
        >
          <div class="task-content">
            <!-- 左侧复选框和标题 -->
            <div class="task-left">
              <el-checkbox
                v-model="task.completed"
                @change="() => handleToggleComplete(task)"
                class="task-checkbox"
                :label="''"
              />
              <div class="task-info">
                <div
                  class="task-title"
                  :class="{ 'task-title-completed': task.completed }"
                  @dblclick="() => startEditTask(task)"
                >
                  <span v-if="!task.editing">{{ task.title }}</span>
                  <el-input
                    v-else
                    v-model="task.editTitle"
                    @blur="() => saveEditTask(task)"
                    @keyup.enter="() => saveEditTask(task)"
                    size="small"
                    autofocus
                  />
                </div>
                <div class="task-description">
                  <el-icon size="14"><Document /></el-icon>
                  <span>{{ task.description || "暂无描述" }}</span>
                </div>
                <div class="task-meta">
                  <span class="meta-item">
                    <el-icon size="12"><Calendar /></el-icon>
                    {{ formatDate(task.created_at) }}
                  </span>
                  <span v-if="task.updated_at" class="meta-item">
                    <el-icon size="12"><Refresh /></el-icon>
                    更新: {{ formatDate(task.updated_at) }}
                  </span>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>

            <!-- 右侧:操作按钮 -->
            <div class="task-actions">
              <el-button
                v-if="!task.editing"
                type="info"
                size="small"
                @click="() => startEditTask(task)"
                circle
              >
                <el-icon><Edit /></el-icon>
              </el-button>

              <el-button
                v-if="task.editing"
                type="success"
                size="small"
                @click="() => saveEditTask(task)"
                circle
              >
                <el-icon><Check /></el-icon>
              </el-button>

              <el-button
                type="danger"
                size="small"
                @click="() => handleDeleteTask(task.id)"
                :loading="deletingTaskId === task.id"
                circle
              >
                <el-icon><Delete /></el-icon>
              </el-button>
            </div>
          </div>
        </el-card>
      </transition-group>
    </div>

    <!-- 错误提示 -->
    <el-alert
      v-if="error"
      :title="error"
      type="error"
      show-icon
      closable
      @close="clearError"
      class="error-alert"
    />
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import { mapState, mapGetters, mapActions } from "vuex";
import {
  Document,
  Plus,
  List,
  Check,
  Clock,
  Loading,
  Calendar,
  Refresh,
  Edit,
  Delete,
} from "@element-plus/icons-vue";

export default {
  name: "TaskView",

  components: {
    Document,
    Plus,
    List,
    Check,
    Clock,
    Loading,
    Calendar,
    Refresh,
    Edit,
    Delete,
  },

  data() {
    return {
      newTask: {
        title: "",
        description: "",
      },
      filterType: "all",
      deletingTaskId: null,
      formRules: {
        title: [
          { required: true, message: "请输入任务标题", trigger: "blur" },
          { min: 1, max: 100, message: "长度在1到100个字符", trigger: "blur" },
        ],
      },
    };
  },

  computed: {
    // 映射Vuex状态和getters
    ...mapState("task", ["tasks", "loading", "error"]),
    ...mapGetters("task", ["activeTasks", "completedTasks"]),

    // 根据筛选类型返回任务列表
    filteredTasks() {
      const tasks = this.tasks.map((task) => ({
        ...task,
        editing: false,
        editTitle: task.title,
      }));

      switch (this.filterType) {
        case "active":
          return tasks.filter((task) => !task.completed);
        case "completed":
          return tasks.filter((task) => task.completed);
        default:
          return tasks;
      }
    },

    // 任务统计
    completedCount() {
      return this.completedTasks.length;
    },

    activeCount() {
      return this.activeTasks.length;
    },

    // 空状态描述
    emptyDescription() {
      switch (this.filterType) {
        case "active":
          return "暂无进行中的任务";
        case "completed":
          return "暂无已完成的任务";
        default:
          return "还没有任务开始创建第一个吧";
      }
    },
  },

  mounted() {
    this.loadTasks();
  },

  methods: {
    // 映射Vuex actions
    ...mapActions("task", [
      "fetchTasks",
      "createTask",
      "updateTask",
      "deleteTask",
    ]),

    // 加载任务
    async loadTasks() {
      try {
        await this.fetchTasks();
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("加载任务失败:", error);
      }
    },

    // 创建任务
    async handleCreateTask() {
      if (!this.newTask.title.trim()) return;

      try {
        await this.createTask({
          title: this.newTask.title,
          description: this.newTask.description || undefined,
          completed: false,
        });

        // 重置表单
        this.resetForm();

        // 显示成功消息
        this.$message({
          message: "任务创建成功",
          type: "success",
          duration: 2000,
        });
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("创建任务失败:", error);
      }
    },

    // 切换任务完成状态
    async handleToggleComplete(task) {
      try {
        await this.updateTask({
          id: task.id,
          taskData: {
            completed: task.completed,
          },
        });

        this.$message({
          message: task.completed ? "任务已完成" : "任务已标记为进行中",
          type: "success",
          duration: 1500,
        });
      } catch (error) {
        // 如果更新失败,恢复原来的状态
        task.completed = !task.completed;
        console.error("更新任务状态失败:", error);
      }
    },

    // 开始编辑任务
    startEditTask(task) {
      task.editing = true;
      task.editTitle = task.title;
    },

    // 保存编辑的任务
    async saveEditTask(task) {
      if (!task.editTitle.trim()) {
        this.$message.warning("任务标题不能为空");
        task.editTitle = task.title;
        task.editing = false;
        return;
      }

      if (task.editTitle === task.title) {
        task.editing = false;
        return;
      }

      try {
        await this.updateTask({
          id: task.id,
          taskData: {
            title: task.editTitle,
            description: task.description,
          },
        });

        task.editing = false;
        this.$message.success("任务更新成功");
      } catch (error) {
        task.editTitle = task.title;
        console.error("更新任务失败:", error);
      }
    },

    // 删除任务
    async handleDeleteTask(taskId) {
      try {
        // 确认对话框
        await this.$confirm("确定要删除这个任务吗", "提示", {
          confirmButtonText: "确定",
          cancelButtonText: "取消",
          type: "warning",
        });

        this.deletingTaskId = taskId;
        await this.deleteTask(taskId);

        this.$message({
          message: "任务删除成功",
          type: "success",
          duration: 2000,
        });
      } catch (error) {
        if (error !== "cancel") {
          console.error("删除任务失败:", error);
        }
      } finally {
        this.deletingTaskId = null;
      }
    },

    // 筛选任务
    handleFilterChange() {
      // 筛选逻辑已在computed属性中处理
    },

    // 重置表单
    resetForm() {
      this.newTask = {
        title: "",
        description: "",
      };
      if (this.$refs.taskFormRef) {
        this.$refs.taskFormRef.resetFields();
      }
    },

    // 清除错误
    clearError() {
      this.$store.commit("task/SET_ERROR", null);
    },

    // 格式化日期
    formatDate(dateString) {
      if (!dateString) return "";

      const date = new Date(dateString);
      const now = new Date();
      const diffTime = Math.abs(now - date);
      const diffDays = Math.floor(diffTime / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));

      if (diffDays === 0) {
        // 今天
        return date.toLocaleTimeString("zh-CN", {
          hour: "2-digit",
          minute: "2-digit",
        });
      } else if (diffDays === 1) {
        // 昨天
        return "昨天";
      } else if (diffDays < 7) {
        // 一周内
        return `${diffDays}天前`;
      } else {
        // 更早
        return date.toLocaleDateString("zh-CN", {
          month: "short",
          day: "numeric",
        });
      }
    },
  },
};
</script>

<style scoped>
.task-container {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 20px;
}

.task-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.task-header h1 {
  color: #2c3e50;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.subtitle {
  color: #7f8c8d;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.create-card {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.card-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.header-title {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #2c3e50;
}

.filter-section {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  padding: 15px;
  background: #f8f9fa;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.task-stats {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
}

.stat-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  color: #666;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.task-list {
  min-height: 300px;
}

.loading-container {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 60px 0;
  color: #999;
}

.loading-icon {
  font-size: 40px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  animation: rotating 2s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes rotating {
  from {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  to {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}

.task-card {
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  border-left: 4px solid #409eff;
}

.task-card.completed-task {
  border-left-color: #67c23a;
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.task-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.task-content {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}

.task-left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 15px;
  flex: 1;
}

.task-checkbox {
  margin-top: 3px;
}

.task-info {
  flex: 1;
}

.task-title {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #2c3e50;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 4px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: background-color 0.2s;
}

.task-title:hover {
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
}

.task-title-completed {
  text-decoration: line-through;
  color: #999;
}

.task-description {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  color: #666;
  font-size: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.task-meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: 15px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #999;
}

.meta-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
}

.task-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
}

.error-alert {
  margin-top: 20px;
}

/* 列表动画 */
.task-list-move,
.task-list-enter-active,
.task-list-leave-active {
  transition: all 0.5s ease;
}

.task-list-enter-from,
.task-list-leave-to {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(30px);
}

.task-list-leave-active {
  position: absolute;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .task-container {
    padding: 10px;
  }

  .filter-section {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px;
    align-items: stretch;
  }

  .task-stats {
    justify-content: space-around;
  }

  .task-content {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 15px;
  }

  .task-actions {
    justify-content: flex-end;
  }
}
</style>

其他文件

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<!-- App.vue -->
<template>
  <div id="app">
    <router-view />

    <div v-if="$store.state.task.loading" class="global-loading">
      <!-- 全局加载指示器 -->
      <div class="loading-mask"></div>
      <div class="loading-content">
        <el-icon class="loading-icon"><Loading /></el-icon>
        <span>加载中...</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import { Loading } from "@element-plus/icons-vue";

export default {
  name: "App",
  components: {
    Loading,
  },

  created() {
    console.log(this.$store.state);
  },
};
</script>

<style>
* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Roboto",
    "Oxygen", "Ubuntu", "Cantarell", "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans",
    "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  background-color: #f5f7fa;
  color: #333;
}

#app {
  min-height: 100vh;
}

/* 全局加载样式 */
.global-loading {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  z-index: 9999;
}

.loading-mask {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.loading-content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  text-align: center;
  color: #409eff;
}

.loading-icon {
  font-size: 40px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  display: block;
  animation: rotating 2s linear infinite;
}

/* 滚动条样式 */
::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: #f1f1f1;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: #c1c1c1;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
  background: #a8a8a8;
}
</style>
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// main.js
import { createApp } from "vue";
import App from "./App.vue";
import router from "./router";
import store from "./store";

// 引入Element Plus
import ElementPlus from "element-plus";
import "element-plus/dist/index.css";
import * as ElementPlusIconsVue from "@element-plus/icons-vue";

const app = createApp(App);

// 注册Element Plus
app.use(ElementPlus);

// 注册所有图标
for (const [key, component] of Object.entries(ElementPlusIconsVue)) {
  app.component(key, component);
}

app.use(store);
app.use(router);
app.mount("#app");

配置问题

修改 vue.config.js

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const { defineConfig } = require("@vue/cli-service");
module.exports = defineConfig({
  transpileDependencies: true,
++  devServer: {
++  historyApiFallback: true,
++  allowedHosts: [".app.cloudstudio.work"],
++},
});

部署

安装依赖

  • 后端

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    pip3.12 install -r requirements.txt
    
  • 前端

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    npm install axios
    npm install vue-router
    npm install vuex
    npm install element-plus
    npm install @element-plus/icons-vue
    

开发环境下启动脚本

  • 启动后端

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    #!/bin/bash
    
    sudo service postgresql restart
    cd backend
    . venv/bin/activate
    python3.12 -m uvicorn app.main:app --reload --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000
    
  • 启动前端

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    #!/bin/bash
    cd frontend
    npm run serve
    

生产环境构建

前端构建静态文件 npm run build

数据库连接问题:
在容器内,localhost 指向容器本身,而不是宿主机的 PostgreSQL。如果你的 PostgreSQL 运行在宿主机,Docker 容器内需要通过特殊 IP(如 host.docker.internal 或宿主机 IP)访问,或者使用 Docker Network
Docker 运行时可以通过环境变量覆盖,来连接数据库

下面是我写的一个小教程,请你帮我看看有没有问题,或者需要修改的地方
注意:由于上下文长度有限,我没有全部发送,等我发送完我会说"OK 完毕",之后你再思考回答
“OK 完毕”